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Wat (wie) is normal probability curve - definitie

STATISTICAL MEASURE RELATED TO PERCENTILE RANK

Normal Curve Equivalent

Gaussian distribution

$'''a:''' Probability density of a function <math>\cos x^2</math> of a normal variable <math>x</math> with <math>\mu=-2</math> and <math>\sigma=3</math>. '''b:''' Probability density of a function <math>x^y</math> of two normal variables <math>x</math> and <math>y</math>, where <math>\mu_x=1</math>, <math>\mu_y=2</math>, <math>\sigma_x = 0.1</math>, <math>\sigma_y = 0.2</math>, and <math>\rho_{xy} = 0.8</math>. '''c:''' Heat map of the joint probability density of two functions of two correlated normal variables <math>x</math> and <math>y</math>, where <math>\mu_x = -2</math>, <math>\mu_y=5</math>, <math>\sigma_x^2 = 10</math>, <math>\sigma_y^2 = 20</math>, and <math>\rho_{xy} = 0.495</math>. '''d:''' Probability density of a function <math display="inline">\sum_{i=1}^4 \vert x_i \vert</math> of 4 iid standard normal variables. These are computed by the numerical method of ray-tracing.<ref name="Das" />$

PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Bell Curve; Gaussian distribution; NormalDistribution; Normal Distribution; Standard normal distribution; Law of error; Cumulative normal; Normally distributed; Cumulative Normal distribution; Normality (statistics); Standard normal; Normal density function; Normal curve; Normal distribution curve; Normal Curve; Normal random variable; The bell-shaped curve; Gaussian normal distribution; Gaussian Distributions; Gaussian Distribution; Bell-shaped; Gaussian random variable; Error Distribution; Bell-shaped curve; Standard distribution; Error distribution; Bell-curve; Normal distributions; Bell distribution; Normal probability distribution; Gaussian density; Gauss distribution; Normal cumulative distribution function; Bell Curves; Bell curves; Normal distribution about the mean; Gaussian probability density function; Gaussian probability distribution; Normal Model; Standard normal random variable; Gaussian profile; Normal-distribution; Bell-shaped frequency distribution curve; Gaussian distributions; Normal distribution quantile function; E-x2; E−x2; Normal population; Cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution; Bellcurve; Univariate Gaussian; Univariate Gaussian distribution; Bell curve; Bell shaped curve; Operations on normal deviates; Operations on normal distributions; Normal deviate; Standard normally distributed; Approximately normal distribution; Normalcdf; Gaussian pdf; Normal density; Normaldist

['ga?s??n]

¦ noun Statistics another term for normal distribution.

normal distribution

$'''a:''' Probability density of a function <math>\cos x^2</math> of a normal variable <math>x</math> with <math>\mu=-2</math> and <math>\sigma=3</math>. '''b:''' Probability density of a function <math>x^y</math> of two normal variables <math>x</math> and <math>y</math>, where <math>\mu_x=1</math>, <math>\mu_y=2</math>, <math>\sigma_x = 0.1</math>, <math>\sigma_y = 0.2</math>, and <math>\rho_{xy} = 0.8</math>. '''c:''' Heat map of the joint probability density of two functions of two correlated normal variables <math>x</math> and <math>y</math>, where <math>\mu_x = -2</math>, <math>\mu_y=5</math>, <math>\sigma_x^2 = 10</math>, <math>\sigma_y^2 = 20</math>, and <math>\rho_{xy} = 0.495</math>. '''d:''' Probability density of a function <math display="inline">\sum_{i=1}^4 \vert x_i \vert</math> of 4 iid standard normal variables. These are computed by the numerical method of ray-tracing.<ref name="Das" />$

PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Bell Curve; Gaussian distribution; NormalDistribution; Normal Distribution; Standard normal distribution; Law of error; Cumulative normal; Normally distributed; Cumulative Normal distribution; Normality (statistics); Standard normal; Normal density function; Normal curve; Normal distribution curve; Normal Curve; Normal random variable; The bell-shaped curve; Gaussian normal distribution; Gaussian Distributions; Gaussian Distribution; Bell-shaped; Gaussian random variable; Error Distribution; Bell-shaped curve; Standard distribution; Error distribution; Bell-curve; Normal distributions; Bell distribution; Normal probability distribution; Gaussian density; Gauss distribution; Normal cumulative distribution function; Bell Curves; Bell curves; Normal distribution about the mean; Gaussian probability density function; Gaussian probability distribution; Normal Model; Standard normal random variable; Gaussian profile; Normal-distribution; Bell-shaped frequency distribution curve; Gaussian distributions; Normal distribution quantile function; E-x2; E−x2; Normal population; Cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution; Bellcurve; Univariate Gaussian; Univariate Gaussian distribution; Bell curve; Bell shaped curve; Operations on normal deviates; Operations on normal distributions; Normal deviate; Standard normally distributed; Approximately normal distribution; Normalcdf; Gaussian pdf; Normal density; Normaldist

¦ noun Statistics a function that represents the distribution of many random variables as a symmetrical bell-shaped graph.

bell-shaped

$'''a:''' Probability density of a function <math>\cos x^2</math> of a normal variable <math>x</math> with <math>\mu=-2</math> and <math>\sigma=3</math>. '''b:''' Probability density of a function <math>x^y</math> of two normal variables <math>x</math> and <math>y</math>, where <math>\mu_x=1</math>, <math>\mu_y=2</math>, <math>\sigma_x = 0.1</math>, <math>\sigma_y = 0.2</math>, and <math>\rho_{xy} = 0.8</math>. '''c:''' Heat map of the joint probability density of two functions of two correlated normal variables <math>x</math> and <math>y</math>, where <math>\mu_x = -2</math>, <math>\mu_y=5</math>, <math>\sigma_x^2 = 10</math>, <math>\sigma_y^2 = 20</math>, and <math>\rho_{xy} = 0.495</math>. '''d:''' Probability density of a function <math display="inline">\sum_{i=1}^4 \vert x_i \vert</math> of 4 iid standard normal variables. These are computed by the numerical method of ray-tracing.<ref name="Das" />$

PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Bell Curve; Gaussian distribution; NormalDistribution; Normal Distribution; Standard normal distribution; Law of error; Cumulative normal; Normally distributed; Cumulative Normal distribution; Normality (statistics); Standard normal; Normal density function; Normal curve; Normal distribution curve; Normal Curve; Normal random variable; The bell-shaped curve; Gaussian normal distribution; Gaussian Distributions; Gaussian Distribution; Bell-shaped; Gaussian random variable; Error Distribution; Bell-shaped curve; Standard distribution; Error distribution; Bell-curve; Normal distributions; Bell distribution; Normal probability distribution; Gaussian density; Gauss distribution; Normal cumulative distribution function; Bell Curves; Bell curves; Normal distribution about the mean; Gaussian probability density function; Gaussian probability distribution; Normal Model; Standard normal random variable; Gaussian profile; Normal-distribution; Bell-shaped frequency distribution curve; Gaussian distributions; Normal distribution quantile function; E-x2; E−x2; Normal population; Cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution; Bellcurve; Univariate Gaussian; Univariate Gaussian distribution; Bell curve; Bell shaped curve; Operations on normal deviates; Operations on normal distributions; Normal deviate; Standard normally distributed; Approximately normal distribution; Normalcdf; Gaussian pdf; Normal density; Normaldist

a.

(Bot.) Campanulate.

Wikipedia

Normal curve equivalent

In educational statistics, a normal curve equivalent (NCE), developed for the United States Department of Education by the RMC Research Corporation, is a way of normalizing scores received on a test into a 0-100 scale similar to a percentile rank, but preserving the valuable equal-interval properties of a z-score.

It is defined as:

70770 + /qnorm(.99) × z

or, approximately

50 + 21.063 × z,

where z is the standard score or "z-score", i.e. z is how many standard deviations above the mean the raw score is (z is negative if the raw score is below the mean). The reason for the choice of the number 21.06 is to bring about the following result: If the scores are normally distributed (i.e. they follow the "bell-shaped curve") then

the normal equivalent score is 99 if the percentile rank of the raw score is 99;
the normal equivalent score is 50 if the percentile rank of the raw score is 50;
the normal equivalent score is 1 if the percentile rank of the raw score is 1.

This relationship between normal equivalent scores and percentile ranks does not hold at values other than 1, 50, and 99. It also fails to hold in general if scores are not normally distributed.

The number 21.06 was chosen because

It is desired that a score of 99 correspond to the 99th percentile;
The 99th percentile in a normal distribution is 2.3263 standard deviations above the mean;
99 is 49 more than 50—thus 49 points above the mean;
49/2.3263 = 21.06.

Normal curve equivalents are on an equal-interval scale. This is advantageous compared to percentile rank scales, which suffer from the problem that the difference between any two scores is not the same as that between any other two scores (see below or percentile rank for more information).

The major advantage of NCEs over percentile ranks is that NCEs can be legitimately averaged.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal curve equivalent